Hitec UPS System Configurations Part 2

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Hitec UPS System Configurations Part 2
Hitec UPS System Configurations Part 2     

Hitec UPS System Configurations Part 2

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Hitec
UPS System Configurations Part 2

System Configurations

Hitec Power Protection’s diesel rotary UPS modules can be delivered in a number of configurations; each tailored to specific customer needs, from a stand alone UPS to a distributed redundant Dual Output System. The most common configurations are the following:

Single Configurations

Fig. 1 shows the typical diagram of a single UPS configuration. All main components (Diesel, Induction Coupling and Alternator) are rated to supply the connected critical load.

 

Single configuration UPS

Fig. 1: Single UPS Configuration

For UPS applications, typically the alternator is overrated to ensure sufficient short circuit capacity together with voltage and frequency stability. This excess power can be utilised to supply non-critical loads. The Diesel is rated sufficiently to supply both the critical and non-critical loads. This configuration is known as Dual Output, as shown in Fig. 2.

 

Dual output UPS

Fig. 2: Single Dual Output Configuration

The non-critical loads in normal operation are connected to the utility power. On a utility failure the System will protect the critical load, while instantaneously disconnecting the non-critical load by switching off Q5. As soon as the Diesel engine has reached nominal operating conditions (speed and power), the non-critical load is connected to the System by switching on Q6.

The benefit of the additional non-critical output is that it comes at a low cost, much lower than average per kVA prices for gensets, without the need for additional plant floor space.

MV Systems

For higher power ratings or large centralised UPS installations, Medium Voltage systems can be considered. The typical MV UPS configuration is shown in Fig 3. The MV configuration utilises the proven LV power module components and control systems, with an additional step-up transformer. Circuit breakers and choke coil are at MV level.

All system configurations provided hereafter, can also be configured on the basis of this MV configuration.

 

Medium voltage UPS systems

Fig. 3: MV Configuration

Parallel

Once the total load of the output exceeds the max power of the largest available unit (2.000 kVA), systems can be connected in parallel to deliver increased outputs. The max number of units which can be installed in parallel is limited by the total deliverable output and short circuit current. At 400 Vac, max 3 units of 1.450 kVA or 2 units of 2.000 kVA can be installed in parallel. The typical configuration is shown in Fig. 4.

 

Parallel UPS packages

Fig. 4: Parallel Configuration

Another typical application for parallel systems is when redundancy is required. The most widely utilised configuration is often termed as “N+1” configuration; when for example two units are required to supply the critical loads, another (third) unit will be installed to provide back-up should one unit be unavailable.

Inside Out

The "inside-out" configuration shown in Fig.5 takes advantage of the capacity of the "redundant" unit within an N+1 system. When all units are in operation, this additional capacity can be used to supply the non-critical loads. When a unit is taken out of service, e.g. for maintenance, the non-critical load will be transferred, without interruption, to the utility supply. The supply to the critical load is continuously maintained at all times.

Note that the difference with the parallel system is that the non-critical load is normally connected to the utility supply in the parallel configuration, but to the UPS system in the “inside out” configuration. The non-critical load is fully UPS protected, as long as the total load (critical and non-critical) remains below the sum of the critical load capacity of all the operational units. Whenever the load exceeds this limit, the system automatically reverts to standard dual-output operation.

 

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Hitec Power Protection Ltd UPS - Dual Output Design Guide

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Hitec Power Protection Ltd UPS - System Configurations part 1

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Hitec Power Protection Ltd
Unit B21a
Holly Farm Business Park
Honiley
Kenilworth
Warwickshire
CV8 1NP

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UPS Uninterruptible Power Supplies

 

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Hitec Power Protection Ltd UPS - System Configurations part 2

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